Abortion is the intentional termination of a pregnancy. The word abortion is of the Latin descend abortio, which means to deliver prematurely, miscarry or abort. An abortion can be spontaneous as a result of complications during the pregnancy period or induced. The induced abortion is aimed to preserve mother’s health and sometimes called therapeuc abortion. An abortion, which is carried for any other reason is called elective abortion. Most abortions are performed in the first 12 weeks of the pregnancy (first trimester), but some may be performed up to 24 weeks (second trimester), or in the rare cases, up to 36 weeks (third trimester). In 1973 abortions became legal in the U.S., and nowadays 1 out of 3 women in the U.S. have had an abortion by the time she reaches 45 years of age. Although abortions are legal in the majority of developed countries, women are still unaware and poorly informed of the health risks of abortion. Abortion has a long-term impact on woman’s mental health: studies show, that 81% overall increased risk of having mental health problems, 37% increased risk of depression, 34% increased risk of anxiety, 110% increased risk of alcohol abuse and 155% increased risk of suicidal tendency. Abortion has short-term and long term risks on woman’s physical health: endometritis, acute hematometra, gastro-intestinal disturbances, convulsion, breast cancer and infertility. The abortion is banned by all world religion and is ethically wrong.
Abortion is a premature exit of the product of conception (the fetus, fetal membranes, and placenta) from the uterus. It is the loss of pregnancy and does not refer to why that pregnancy was lost. In this paper induced abortions will be discussed. The first recorded proof of induced abortion dates back to 1550 BC in Egyptian Ebers Papyrus. In the past, a number of methods has been used, such as inserting sharpened elements, administration of abortifacient herbs, and other techniques. There is a big difference if abortion is done in the early or in the late pregnancy. There are two main types of abortion: clinical and surgical. A medical abortion is the one, which uses a drug to terminate the pregnancy. Medical abortions are usually done during her first 9 weeks. The woman take mifepri tone orally and this pill blocks her progesterone. After taking mifepristone, the women takes misprostol in a few days. Misprostol makes the uterus contract, as if while delivery and empty. As a medical abortion drug, mifepristone is about 97% effective. Second type of abortion is a surgical abortion. The doctor removes the womb either by manual vacuum aspiration or dilatation suction curettage. There are other types of abortions, for example hers abortion. Using herbs to trigger miscarriage may cause multiple organ failure or even death.
Abortion Statistics Worldwide reports, that over 54.5 million unborn babies were lost to abortion since 1973 (the year when abortion was legalized in the United States). Approximately 3,200 abortions are done every day. Every 23 seconds a baby is killed in the US. According to England and Wales abortion Statistics, the total number of abortions performed in 2011 6% of abortions is done by women of 15-17 years of age, 11% of age 18-19, 33% by women of 20-24 and 24% is done by females of 25-29 years of age. According to ethnic calculations, 36% of all abortions is done by white females; 30% by black; 25% by Hispanic and 9% by other races (All American Life League). World Health Organization found, that Eastern Europe has the highest abortion rate in the world, at 43% out of 1,000. The geography of abortions has shifted: in 2008, 86% of all abortions were performed in developing countries, up from 78% in 1995. It is noted, that laws that restrict abortions do not seem to lower numbers of procedures, moreover, restrictive laws result in higher abortion rates (The Economist).
Why abortion is wrong?
1. Physical Complications.
Pelvic infection, incomplete abortion, blood clots in uterus, heavy bleeding, cut or torn cervix, perforation of the uterus wall and anesthesia-related complications are short-term risks and side-effects of abortions. Among the long term risks are breast cancer and infertility. There is also a significant risk in future pregnancies: premature birth, placenta previa, RH sensitization and ectopic pregnancy.
National statistics on abortion report, that 10% of women who undergone induced abortion have immediate complications, of which 1/5 are considered major. “Minor” complications include: bleeding, minor infections, vomiting, chronic abdominal pain and fevers. The most common “major” complications are: excessive bleeding, endotoxic shock, embolism, sepsis, excessive bleeding and endotoxic shock. The study shows, that out of 1 182 abortions, 20% of the patients suffered from post-abortion infection, which lasted for a month or longer, although the surgery was held under precisely regulated hospital conditions. The immediate complications of abortions are usually curable and treatable; these small complications lead to much serious ones in the future, making the damage to the reproductive system of female. One of the most possible outcomes of abortion infection is sterility. Study shows that 3% – 5% of women, who undergone abortion, are left sterile. The risk of being sterile is much greater for women, who are diagnosed with venereal disease at the time of abortion. Cervical damage is one of the most leading reason of long-term complications. In normal condition cervix is tight and rigid. When aborted, the cervix is opened with a great deal of intensity. During this procedure, the cervix almost always has microscopic tearing of the muscles, and sometimes ripping of the uterine. Cervical damage from previous abortions can cause miscarriages, complications and premature delivery in the future. The study shows, that 48% of women who were aborted report to have complications during the second pregnancy. Latent abortion morbidity is the leading cause of handicaps in newborns. Physical risks of abortion both long term and short term are dangerous for the female’s health and can have the impact on her future fertility and wellness.
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